After two years of decline, China-EU rail freight volumes have rebounded, with westbound flows surging 130% year-on-year in 2024, partly due to disruptions in the Red Sea. Total China-Europe volumes grew by 80.2% compared to 2023, reaching 330,700 TEU, while eastbound shipments to China dropped to their lowest since 2017. Rising ocean freight rates have made rail transport more competitive, but analysts warn that a resolution to Red Sea disruptions could lead to lower maritime rates, affecting rail freight demand.

China’s exports to Europe increased by 3% year-on-year, totaling $516.6 billion, with vehicle exports growing 192% to 31,304 TEU. Poland remains the primary gateway for China-Europe rail freight, handling 88% of the volume, with a 149% increase in 2024. Meanwhile, Germany's rail freight intake, once dominant, remains at historically low levels.

在经历两年下降后，中欧铁路货运量回升，2024年西向运输量同比增长130%，部分原因是红海危机导致海运受阻。中欧铁路总运输量较2023年增长80.2%，达到330,700 TEU，而东向运量降至2017年以来最低水平。由于红海局势导致海运费上涨，铁路货运竞争力增强，但分析人士警告，如果中东局势恢复正常，海运费可能大幅下降，从而影响铁路运输需求。

中国对欧洲的出口同比增长3%，总额达5,166亿美元，其中汽车出口增长192%，达31,304 TEU。波兰仍是中国至欧洲铁路运输的主要门户，占总量的88%，2024年增长149%。德国的铁路货运量虽有所回升，但仍处于历史低位。

(source: https://theloadstar.com/surging-china-europe-railfreight-could-hit-the-buffers-if-red-sea-crisis-ends/)

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